Project Complete Duration By Using Network Diagram Construction Essay

Project Complete Duration By Using Network Diagram Construction EssayTime of action mechanism is calculated in forward pass and backward pass to determine vagabond. Forward pass (earliest start + duration = earliest finish) to calculates earliest event eon of activity which appraisals brook roll in the hay conviction for example activity F earliest finish eld ar 18 (14 + 4). Latest event time of activity is calculated in backward pass (latest finish duration = latest start) to determine activity in searing path and with float such(prenominal) as activity H latest start mean solar day are 20 (22 2). Total float = Latest finish Earliest start Duration. For example, float for activity C is 3 days (12 days 6 days -3 days)Activity A to Q is calculated in a forward pass hence throw duration is 47 days ( gameboard 1). Critical path are activity with zero float such as activity B (6 days 4 days 2 days) travelling bag on above formula and others activities. Below are the activities in critical path.Project testament compete on 12 April 2011 which is calculated in a forward pass with 5 days working week exclude Saturday and Sunday ( table 2). For example, intercommunicate start on 7 February 2011, activity A fox duration is 4 days, therefore activity A provide finish at 10 February 2011.a) 1 day delay during activity F, throw away still ended on 47 days due to activity F have 4 days float. dismantle thought delay 1 day, activity F still got 3 days float (4 days 1 days = 3 days).b) Activity P falls under critical path which mean activity with zero float. so 1 day delay will increase project complete date from original 47 days to 48 days (47 days + 1 days delay = 48 days).c) Activity Q is last activity. Activity Q to a fault is an activity with zero float and on critical path. Conclusion, 1 day delay in activity Q will delay whole project complete date by 1 day. Then impertinent project complete date will be 48 days in state of 47days. princip al 6Project complete duration can be cipher by using network diagram. It helps project bus to monitor project easier al-Qaeda on duration of each activity. In other words, it helps film director to estimate the earliest time for activities to start and finish. On other hand it alike helps to estimate latest start and finish time for the activities to complete whole project without delay.Furthermore, network diagram is link among each activity, it provide clear picture on how each activity perform in project and on critical path which may cultivate project duration if there is some(prenominal) delay. Besides, it go ons search time and speed out the time to solve the problem which helps to avoid delay in project.Moreover, activities in network diagram are depending of their finis nub activity A must finish forwards activity B start. Each activity needs different time and resources to complete its part. Thus project manager able to allocate and fully utilize each activity time and resources with limited time and resources given.Network diagram show the activities in critical path. Base on this information, project manager able to forecast and monitor on those activities fall in critical path in good order to avoid any delay during the project. In case of delay, project manager able to conception the necessary step to backup the activity delay so the project will complete on time.Base on network diagram, project manager able to make a decision whether project should speed out to save costs because of the shorter duration to complete or there is any chance costs while speeds out process run into part. According to this, project manager able to monitor the budget with actual cost in each activity to avoid over budget from the project which may affect project future profit.(636 word)AppendixReferencehttp//tutor2u.net/business/production/critical-path-analysis.htm (view on 9/9/10 842am)http//wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_purpose_of_a_network_diagram ( view on 2/9/10 136pm)http//hadm.sph.sc.edu/courses/j716/cpm/cpm.html (view 9/9/10 901am)Mike Field and Laurie Keller (1998) Project focus The Open University, UKUniversity of Sunderland (2005) SIM355 Managing Project, Version 2.0 The University of Sunderland, UKDate 4th October 2010To Board of DirectorsFrom Project film director of Opening New Showroom in West EnglandReference A report submitted to Board of Director of make and make on feasibility do Project Management Preview of Opening New Showroom for one hundred fifty,000sqm.Executive unofficialProject management group had been tasked with the responsibilities to handle the project of Cooper and Cooper with clinical to open impudently customized saleroom which include workshop, administration office, sumptuousness motor vehicles display and allow trading in buying and merchandising luxury customized vehicles.Project life story cycle is used by project manager during project period to determine each stage in project l ife cycle is follow accordingly. Those stages are concept stage, development stage, implementation stage and terminal stage.By undertaking feasibility study, project manager develop a business case, establish goal and objective of Copper and Cooper at concept stage. tincture analysis is use to focus on factors should aware before project start. Team member include squad up leader has appointed.In development stage, project plan has been created. It also includes financial plan by estimate total costs of the project and payback period. In addition, work breakdown structure has been created which helps in resources, quality, dialogue and procurement plan. Major categories attempt has been determine and run a take chances management nonplus is use to manage risk.Implementation stage more concern about how project manager control and monitor whole project when it has been started. Motivation of team member is inbred key during the project. then leadership style help team memb er and project manager motivate team member.Project is complete at terminal stage and review of project has been d adept. Opening ceremony, trading and exploit of new base is ready. Project manager and team member will be a consultant and relocated.List of TableTable 1 Stakeholder expectation to company 13Table 2 STEEP analyses 15Table 3 Work breakdown structure 16Table 5 Prioritizing potential difference insecuritys 18Table 6 Estimate proceeding costs for the project 19List of ChartPage 1 of 46 1Page 7 of 46 2Table of contentList of Table 10List of Chart 101.0INTRODUCTION 121.1Background of Cooper and Cooper 121.2Project Life Cycle 132.0CONCEPT STAGE 132.1 coating and Objective 132.2STEEP analysis 152.3Renovation and Security 162.4New Employment 163.0DEVELOPMENT STAGE 163.1Work Breakdown Structure 163.2Risk Categories 173.3Risk Management 183.4Risk Monitoring 183.5Cost Estimate 194.0IMPLEMENTATION STAGE 204.1Responding to risk 204.2Report Frequently 214.3Monitoring and Control ling 214.4Leadership and Motivation 224.5Managing and Administrating 234.6Approval from stakeholders 245.0 conclusion STAGE 245.1Showroom preparation 245.2Open ceremony 245.3 Review and relocate team member 246.0CONCLUSION 25 vermiform appendix 25REFERENCE 45Task 2INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this report is to determine ability of the project management team to handle the project with objective to open new customized showroom which include workshop, administration office, motor vehicles display area, guest parking lots and associated landscaping.Background of Cooper and Cooper gondola company normally faces the challenge on provides best product to customer which really met their requirement. Cooper and Cooper (CC) are company mainly focuses on customization of advanced quality motor vehicles such as Mercedes, Ferrari, Lamborghini, BMW and Range Rover.Currently, they have 1 base in the south West of England and had acquisition new additional base of 150,000sq meters to build a custo m showroom that allow trading in buying and selling luxury customized vehicles.Project Life CycleProject manager use project life cycle (PLC) to defined planning methodology which include goal setting, define costs, establish time and project absolute. PLC comprises four stages concept, development, implementation and terminal (Chart 5 in appendix).CONCEPT STAGEGoal and ObjectiveGoal and objective of company may create motivation and focus performance. Therefore effective objective must be specific, measurable, agreed, realistic and time limited (SMART). In addition, other objectives such as customer and employee satisfaction and ethical practices will increase value of company in long term (Table 1).Table 1 Stakeholder expectation to companyStakeholderExpectation from company shareholderReturn on dividend base on cash investemployeeyearly salary increment and bonus presidential termtax computation base on profit turn backproviderContinue supplier and payment on timecustomerServic es satisfactionTherefore, preproject evaluation should be use to monitor project objective and overall strategy of the CC. Chart 1 below shows world yearly production of motor vehicles. According to this plug-in, CC goal is to achieve 25% of the selling luxury customize motor vehicles base on car production in UK and achieve sustainable growth of 20% annually.Chart 1 earth motor vehicle production (source http//oica.net/category/production-statistics/)(For a breakdown of production by country in the world, refer Table 8 in appendix) around of companies determine selling price as a cost + profit but hereby non-cost principle selling price cost = profit are better focussing for CC to determine the selling price. Reasonable and standable selling price will help to stay competitive. Lean management is the way to create a sustainable continual improvement strategy and goal.STEEP analysisBesides internet factors that influence by both shareholder and stakeholder, CC should focus on e xternal factor that may affect project by using STEEP analyses before open new base which shows table 2 belowTable 2 STEEP analysesSocialIncrease population life style by create more job opportunity and more incomeTechnologiesAware of rapid technologies metamorphose in environment which will affect productivityEconomyIncrease in life style, gross house servant production (GDP) will increase therefore economy of nation, company and employee of company will increaseEcologicalBetter living environment such as improve in transportation, education and etcPoliticalAware on changes in government policies such as wellness and guard law for employee (Table 9 in appendix )Renovation and SecurityShowroom de subscribe will create right mood for customer to purchase motor vehicles. Thus renovation is an essential sales tool. Furthermore, security of showroom is major concern with valuable motor vehicles display so security alarm system such as CCTV and infrared emission for night security sho uld be installed. Table 10 in appendix shows the detail costs for renovation and estimate will complete in one year for date of commission.New EmploymentNew head of project and departments such as engineering, customer services and etc should be employed to run new base daily activities. Therefore this showroom will provide employment for 60 people. Project team leader should be appointed to specially take care of each part of the activities base on their experience and skill.DEVELOPMENT STAGEWork Breakdown Structure erst concept stage had been clear by related parties and new team leader had been employed. Team leader will monitor and control their team activities on below work structure. Therefore project schedule can map out and cost able to estimate afterward completion of work breakdown structure (WBS). WBS also helps to identify risk of the project too.Table 3 Work breakdown structureProject ManagerRenovationFinanceSecurityMarketing and customer servicesHR and AdminEngineeri ngCustomize Decoration Sale Facilities Invoices ElectricalServices Purchasing Customer research Entrance Receive Plumbingenlisting Customer complain Cost Interior designEvents show PaymentRisk CategoriesOnce work had been allocated, we need to categories type of the risk. Table 4 in below show the categories of risk which may face during project periodTable 4 Major categories of risk (source SIM335 Managing project, UOS (2005))Risk categoryExample technicalFail to change and get information regarding new technology, design error or omissionsEnvironmentCulture of organization such as same model of motor vehicles not accept by all population in the worldFinancialCash flow problem, budget cuts and corporate unpredictabilityResources alter skill people and equipment not availableHumanLack motivation for employee will increase human error, personality conflict and miscommunicationLogisticalMaterial supplier problem such as shortest in material or excess credit limit and periodGovernmentD ifferent government policies for different countries and change in rules and regulationMarketMotor vehicles model fail to seemly customer requirement and competitor produce new motor vehicle with meet customer requirementRisk ManagementRisk categories had defined, risk management model is the way to manage risk (Table 11 in appendix). According to risk management, objective of project need to define then only able to identify potential risk and monitor whether impact of the risk to such project. Example, logistic risk will affect project duration in case lack material for renovation.This logistical risk can be preventing by sign contract with supplier to confirm they will supply sufficient material when there is shortage. Furthermore payment period and credit limit should monitor properly to avoid excess limit given by supplier. Logistical risk can be avoided by sign contract with supply. Thus this risk had slay to supplier.Risk MonitoringWhole team member should work together to report, monitor and plan the risk when they find that potential risk rise. Potential risk event will impact project costs, time and grasp. As a result, project costs will increase time will extent and scope of business will be limited. Therefore prioritizing potential risks (Table 5) is useful to assessing risk on impact and ability to influence whole project.Table 5 Prioritizing Potential Risks taller(prenominal) impactLow ability to influenceHigh impactHigh ability to influenceLow impactLow ability to influenceLow impactHigh ability to influenceImpactAbility to influenceSite plan for new base should be submit to government department to get approval before renovation start. Equipment and material such as engine for motor vehicle should be purchase table 12 in appendix shows how purchasing procedure should be done.Cost EstimateIn reality, most of the shareholders are concern with when can they get back their money after invest to this project. Table 6 below is the simple calculat ion on payback period for the equipment purchase. Base on below table estimate payback period for project is 7 years because of the positives cumulative cash flow.Estimate costs for cash outflow are the operation cost incurred at initial of project (year 0) and there is no other additional cash. Cash inflow is the cash receive from the sales generate.Table 6 Estimate operation costs for the projectIMPLEMENTATION STAGEResponding to riskAccording to risk categories and management in development stage, risk responsibility of stakeholders should take into consideration (Table 7).Table 7 Respond to risk (source SIM335 Managing project, UOS (2005))Risk respondDescriptionRisk ReductionDeduce risk by hire lack experience employment.Risk TransferTransfer risk to thirty parties by sign contract or agreementRisk AcceptanceAccept risk rather plan it due to low impactPolitical risk cannot neither be reduce or transfer but only can be accept even thought impact is highMitigating riskReduce risk b efore event happen such as well maintain on technologiesAll project team member executes to site on this stage and project team leader should take care of their part to make undisputable project will complete as plan. Orientation given to all team members to make sure they know the procedure and activities they involve.Report Frequentlyhebdomadary meeting will conduct on every Monday morning for each team leader to participate on the status of their activity and problem facing. enigma will bring out to find the better solution to solve without delay project completion.Monitoring and ControllingChart 2 Monitoring and controlling process (source http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileMonitoring_and_Controlling_Process_Group_Processes.jpg )Project comparing planned outcome and actual outcome will be done on the meeting and ongoing project evaluation according to process flow in chart 2. This is to make sure actual cost of work perform will not best budgeted cost of work perform by 10% max imum and measure the status of the project.Submission of changes request form (table 13 in appendix) and project communication form (table 14 in appendixes) is compulsory in case of changes during the project. This is to monitor and control project quality and resourcesLeadership and MotivationProject Manager should checker employment motivation during project period. Therefore Maslows hierarchy of needs will help to increase motivation (Chart 3)Chart 3 Maslows hierarchy of Needs (Source http//psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/hierarchyneeds.htm)Leader is the essential for increase motivation because leader role is to get things done and drive change through team member. Leadership styles as show in chart 4 belowChart 4 Leadership style (source http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/leader/leadstl.html)(For details of leadership styles, refer table 15 in appendix)Managing and AdministratingRenovation such as floor, roof, stairs and external works undertake as per design which follow government rules and regulation. Electrical, gas and light installed after completion of ceiling renovation. Furniture and fitting, office equipment such as air-conditional and workshop facilities had been purchase and fix accordingly.Workshop and office area constructed at estimated size of 35,000sqm. High quality vehicles will display in showroom therefore showroom facilities and interior decoration done at estimated size of 95,000sqm. The balance 20,000sqm will as a parking lot for customer during entrance to showroom. Completions of showroom pass to shareholder and stakeholder to review and approved. Corrections actions will be done as per shareholder and stakeholder requirement.Approval from stakeholdersAfter approval from stakeholder and shareholder base on renovation done, event team prepare for showroom opening ceremony. Motor vehicles will move in and display as per plan and design. Reconfirm all had been done and complete as per plan by using checklist (Table 16 in appendix).TERMINATION STAGEShowroom preparation1 manager, 3 sales serveants and 2 administration assistant staffs will be employed as an operations team for the showroom. Showroom need to obtain Certificate of fitness from government agencies before start trading. Showroom operation hours are determined according to healthy and caoutchouc act.Open ceremonyList down guest name for shareholder and stakeholder to decide who will be inviting for opening ceremony and sent out the invitation mentality to ceremony. All documents for project will be update and filling before signing off and finalist project.Review and relocate team memberProject completion evaluation must be done to confirm completion of project by using project checklist (table 16 in appendix) and wait for opening ceremony. Once opening ceremony done, showroom can start to operate and trading for luxury customized vehicles. Project manager and team will base on Cooper and Cooper for at least six month after showroom ope n for consultation.CONCLUSIONThis report shows the purpose of the Cooper and Cooper to have new base. Project life cycle used to determine how project should conduct. At the concept stage of project life cycle, internal and external factors should be concern. Goal and objective, costs for renovation are determined. Development stage mention team leader and their member work base on work breakdown structure. room to identify risk and necessary step should be taken for that potential risk.Implementation stage is the actual renovation work start in showroom and related equipment purchase. Correction step taken upon shareholder and stakeholder requirement. Termination stage is confirm project had completed and preparation for opening ceremony. Project manager and team member will relocate.(2064 words)APPENDIXChart 5 Project life cycle (source http//www.mpmm.com/project-management-methodology.php)Concept stageDevelopment stageImplementation stage celestial pole stageTable 8 Breakdown of production by country in the world (Source http//oica.net/category/production-statistics/)CountryCarsCommercial vehiclesTotal% changegenus Argentina380,067132,857512,924-14.10%Australia188,15839,125227,283-31.00%Austria56,62015,71472,334-52.20%Belgium524,59512,510537,354-25.80%Brazil2,576,628605,9893,182,617-1.00%Canada822,267668,3651,490,632-28.40%China10,383,8313,407,16313,790,99448.30%Czech Rep.967,7606,809974,5693.00%Egypt60,24932,09092,339-23.00%Finland10,9076410,971-38.70%France1,819,462228,1962,047,658-20.30%Germany4,964,523245,3345,209,857-13.80%Hungary180,5002,040182,540-47.30%India2,166,238466,4562,632,69412.90%Indonesia352,172112,644464,816-22.60%Iran1,359,52035,9011,395,4219.50%Italy661, degree Celsius182,139843,239-17.60%Japan6,862,1611,072,3557,934,516-31.50%Malaysia447,00242,267489,269-7.80%Mexico942,876618,1761,561,052-28.00%Netherlands50,62025,98176,601-42.20%Poland819,00065,133884,133-7.10%Portugal101,68024,335126,015-28.10%Romania279,32017,178296,49820.90%Russia5 95,839126,592722,431-59.60%Serbia8,7201,35510,075-13.40%Slovakia461,340461,340-19.90%Slovenia202,57010,179212,7497.50%South Africa222,981150,942373,923-33.60%South Korea3,158,417354,5093,512,926-8.20%Spain1,812,688357,3902,170,078-14.60%Sweden128,73827,600156,338-49.30%Taiwan183,98642,370226,35623.70%Thailand313,442685,936999,378-28.30%Turkey510,931358,674869,605-24.20%Ukraine65,6463,64969,295-83.60%UK999,46090,6791,090,139-33.90%USA2,246,4703,462,3825,708,852-34.30%Uzbekistan110,2007,700117,900-43.30%Supplementary302,450110,109412,559-22.40%Total47,952,99513,761,69461,714,689-12.80%Table 9 Summary of Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulation 1992 UK lay down minimum standards for workplace and work in or near building (source www.cipd.co.uk)Employers duties and obligation to provide health and safety working environment for their employeePublish a health and safety policyArrange for the appointment of health and safety representativesEstablish a health and safety committee if requested by a recognized trade unionAppoint a competent person to evaluate risks and hazardsArrange yearly risk assessmentConsult with employee health and safety representativesPresent and inform employee of risks and combat risks at sourcesArrange protection from unavoidable risksProvide health-risk surveillance and safety trainingProvide safety trainingMonitor and improve safety arrangementsComply with the updated provision concerning healthy and safety posters and leafletsAdopt work to the individual peculiarly with respect to the design of workplacesAlleviate monotonous work and develop a prevention policyAppoint one or more competent persons to assist in undertaking preventative and protective measuresEstablish procedures to be followed in the event of serious and imminent danger to persons working in the company ask person at work who are exposed to serious and imminent danger to be informed of the nature of the hazards and steps taken to protect themTable 10 Cost breakd own for renovation and security alarm system (source www.davislangdon.com)Cost BreakdownTotal cost ()/(gifa)%Substructure114,00085.076.12Excavation and disposal off-site 320 25Ground slab, footings, column bases, filling to levels 1,060 100Frame and upper floors113,40084.636.08Structural steelwork UB and UC sections 55tn 1,600Suspended cover floor on permanent formwork 280 80fervidness protection to steelwork Item 3,000Roof73,90055.153.97 aluminium standing seam roof cladding, including purlins, trims, cappings, insulation 1,190 50Upstands Item 2,000Mansafe system 165m 75Stairs11,0008.210.59Precast concrete staircase handrails and balustrades 2 nr 5,500External walls, windows and doors291,000217.1615.61Structural bonded glass to frontage with silicone joints and support, including automatic bi-parting entrance doors 310 500Coated aluminium double-glazed window system 150 375Aluminium louvres to glass frontage 1,500 projection including support and brackets 90 300Entrance door for vehicles as integral part of glazing walling, including ironmongery and trimming 2 nr 4,500Aluminium composite micro-rib profile wall cladding to sides and rear of showroom 400 80Steel fire escape doors 3 nr 900Inner leaf of cxl block work 200 45Internal walls and partitions68,40051.043.67Metal stud partitions to showrooms including support, up to 8m high 320 65Metal stud partitions including skim finish to offices, to 3m high 300 45Plasterboard including skim finish to external walls 400 20Proprietary glazed partitions 100 225Disabled WC cubicles 2 nr 800WC cubicles 4 nr 50Wall finishes9,8007.310.53Emulsion paint finish to walls 1,600 5Vinyl wall lining or similar 40 45Floor finishes114,30085.306.13Reinforced screeds to showrooms 100 thick 800 25Screeds to common areas 75 thick 540 15Ceramic floor tiles to showroom areas, including skirtings 800 85Carpet tiling to office and circulation areas 450 20 pile skirtings 300m 8Non-slip vinyl flooring to WC, including coved skirt ings 90 35Entrance matting 12 300Ceiling finishes45,20033.732.43Plasterboard suspended ceiling on secret grid 920 40Mineral fibre suspended ceiling 420 20